When they are flitting about in the trees, it can be difficult to tell the difference between Downy and Hairy Woodpeckers because their markings are nearly identical. If you can get a closer look, there are a few characteristics that make it easier to tell them apart.
First, Hairy Woodpeckers are larger (9-9.5″) than Downy Woodpeckers (6.5-7″). Downies are more social and can usually be spotted at feeders with other species. Hairy Woodpeckers are more shy.
Both birds have white outer tail feathers, but there are several black bars across the tail feathers on a Downy Woodpecker.
The most obvious (and easiest-to-spot) difference between the birds is their bill size. Downy Woodpeckers have tiny little bills. The bill of a Hairy Woodpecker is as long as the width of its head.
Their calls are also very similar, but once you’re familiar with them it’s easier to tell them apart. The Hairy’s version is louder and more shrill, almost like he’s putting an exclamation point on everything.
Next time you see a woodpecker at your feeder, take a closer look. You might be surprised to find that same bird you’ve been seeing over and over is actually two different species.